East Asian mushrooms and fungi are often used in East Asian cuisine, either fresh or dried. According to Chinese traditional medicine, many types of mushroom affect the eater's physical and emotional wellbeing.
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Transcription
List of mushrooms and fungi
| Scientific names | Commonly used names | Image | Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | Translation | Notes, other Chinese names |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclocybe aegerita | poplar mushroom, velvet pioppino | 
|
茶樹菇 | 茶树菇 | cháshùgū | tea tree mushroom | |
| Auricularia heimuer | wood ear | 
|
黑木耳 | 黑木耳 | hēimù'ěr | black wood ear | |
| Auricularia cornea | cloud ear fungus | 
|
(白背)毛木耳 | (白背)毛木耳 | (báibèi)máomù'ĕr | (white backed) hairy wood ear | Similar to wood ears, but coarser. Generally used in soups. |
| Clitocybe maxima | 
|
猪肚菇 | 猪肚菇 | zhūdǔgū | pig stomach mushroom | ||
| Coprinus comatus | Shaggy ink cap | 
|
雞腿菇 | 鸡腿菇 | jītuǐgū | (white backed) chicken thigh mushroom | |
| Dacryopinax spathularia | sweet osmanthus ear | 
|
桂花耳 | 桂花耳 | guìhuā'ěr | osmanthus ear | Used in Buddha's delight. |
| Flammulina filiformis | enoki | 
|
金(針)菇 | 金(针)菇 | jīn(zhēn)gū | gold (needle) mushroom | Cultivated variety shown, wild differs in appearance. |
| Ganoderma lingzhi | reishi mushroom | 
|
靈芝 | 灵芝 | língzhī | supernatural mushroom | Very bitter but believed to be medicinally highly potent. Often made into a tea or broth with Chinese wolfberries. |
| Gloeostereum incarnatum | 榆耳 | 榆耳 | yú'ěr | elm ear | Used in Buddha's delight. | ||
| Hericium erinaceus | lion's mane mushroom, bearded tooth mushroom | 
|
猴頭菇 | 猴头菇 | hóutóugū | monkey head mushroom | |
| Hericium ramosum | |||||||
| Hypsizygus tessellatus | white beech mushroom | 
|
蟹味菇 | 蟹味菇 | xièwèigū | crab flavor mushroom | |
| Lentinula edodes | shiitake | 
|
香菇 | 香菇 | xiānggū | fragrant mushroom | |
| Macrolepiota albuminosa syn. Termitomyces albuminosus | 
|
雞肉絲菇 | 鸡肉丝菇 | jīròusīgū | chicken meat strip mushroom | ||
| Phallus indusiatus | bamboo fungus | 
|
竹蓀 | 竹荪 | zhúsūn | Considered an aphrodisiac. Used in chicken soups. | |
| Pleurotus eryngii | king oyster mushroom | 
|
杏鮑菇 | 杏鲍菇 | xìngbàogū | almond abalone mushroom | |
| Pleurotus ostreatus | oyster mushroom | 
|
蠔菇 | 蚝菇 | háogū | oyster mushroom | Also known as 秀珍菇 (pinyin: xiùzhēngū) |
| Russula virescens | green brittlegill | 
|
變綠紅菇 | 变绿红菇 | biànlǜhónggū | change green red mushroom | |
| Thelephora ganbajun | dried beef mushroom | 
|
干巴菌 | 干巴菌 | gānbājùn | ganba mushroom | Discovered in 1987, now highly prized. It takes its name from 干巴牛肉 (pinyin: gānbāniúròu), a Yunnanese specialty of dried beef. |
| Naematelia aurantialba | 金耳 | 金耳 | jīn'ěr | golden ear | Used in Buddha's delight. | ||
| Phaeotremella frondosa | 
|
黃耳 | 黃耳 | huáng'ěr | yellow ear | Used in Buddha's delight. Also known as 叶银耳 (pinyin: yèyín'ěr; lit. 'leaf wood ear') | |
| Tremella fuciformis | silver ear fungus, snow fungus | 
|
銀耳 | 银耳 | yín'ěr | silver ear | Also known as 雪耳(pinyin: xuě'ěr; lit. 'snow ear') and 白木耳 (pinyin: báimù'ěr; lit. 'white wood ear') |
| Tricholoma matsutake | matsutake | 
|
松茸 | 松茸 | sōngróng | pine bud | Expensive delicacy, especially highly prized in Japan. |
| Volvariella volvacea | paddy straw mushroom | 
|
草菇 | 草菇 | cǎogū | straw mushroom |
See also
This page was last edited on 4 December 2023, at 23:48