List of monarchs of Kashmir

Maharaja/Sultan of Kashmir
Emblem of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir

Last to reign Hari Singh 23 September 1925 – 17 November 1952


Details
Style	Maharaja Sultan Raja
First monarch	Durlabhavardhana 625–662
Last monarch	Hari Singh 1925–1952
Formation	625 CE
Abolition	17 November 1952
Residence	Amar Mahal Palace Mubarak Mandi Palace Hari Niwas Palace Akhnoor Fort Pari Mahal Hari Parbat Red Fort Gulab Bhavan Sher Garhi Palace Baghsar Fort
Appointer	Hereditary
Pretender(s)	Karan Singh

This is a list of the monarchs of Kashmir from the establishment of the Karkota dynasty around 625 CE until the cession of parts of Kashmir by the Dogra dynasty to Pakistan in 1947 and then merging into the Indian Union in 1952.

Karkota dynasty (625 – 855)

List of rulers–^[1]

Ruler	Reign	Ascension year
Durlabhavardhana (Prajnaditya)	38 years	598 CE
Durlabhaka (Pratapaditya II)	60 years	634 CE
Chandrapida (Vajraditya I)	8 years, 8 months	694 CE
Tarapida (Udayaditya)	4 years, 24 days	703 CE
Muktapida (Lalitaditya I)	36 years, 7 months, 11 days	703 CE
Kuvalayapida	1 year, 15 days	739 CE
Vajraditya II (Bappiyaka / Vappiyaka / Lalitaditya II)	7 years	746 CE
Prithivyapida I	4 years, 1 month	750 CE
Sangramapida I	7 days	750 CE
Jayapida (Vinayaditya); Jajja	31 years; 3 years	781 CE
Lalitapida	12 years	793 CE
Sangramapida II (Prithivyapida II)	7 years	805 CE
Chippatajayapida (Brhspati / Vrihaspati)	12 years	812 CE
Ajitapida	37 years	830 CE
Anangapida	3 years	867 CE
Utpalapida	2 years	870 CE

Utpala dynasty (855 – 1012)

List of rulers–

Ruler	Reign (CE)
Avantivarman	853/855–883
Shankaravarman	883–902
Gopalavarman	902–904
Sankata	904
Sugandha	904–906
Partha	906–921
Nirjitavarman	921–922
Chakravarman	922–933
Shuravarman I	933–934
Partha (2nd reign)	934–935
Chakravarman (2nd reign)	935
Shankaravardhana (or Shambhuvardhana)	935–936
Chakravarman (3rd reign)	936–937
Unmattavanti ("Mad Avanti")	937–939
Shuravarman II	939
Yashaskara-deva	939
Varnata	948
Sangramadeva (Sanggrama I)	948
Parvagupta	948–950
Kshemagupta	950–958
Abhimanyu II	958–972
Nandigupta	972–973
Tribhuvanagupta	973–975
Bhimagupta	975–980
Didda	980–1009/1012

Lohar dynasty (1003 – 1339)

List of rulers–^[2]

Ruler	Ascension year (CE)
Sangramaraja (Samgramaraja / Kshamapati)	1003 CE
Hariraja	1028 CE
Ananta-deva	1028 CE
Kalasha (Ranaditya II)	1063 CE
Utkarsha	1089 CE
Harsha	died in 1101 CE
Uchchala	1101 CE
Sussala	unknown
Jayasimha	1111 CE
Paramanuka	1123 CE
Vantideva	until 1165 CE
Vuppadeva	1172 CE
Jassaka	1181 CE
Jagadeva	1199 CE
Rājadeva	1213 CE
Samgrāmadeva	1235 CE
Laksmandadeva	1273 CE
Simhadeva	1286 CE
Sūhadeva	1301 CE
Rinchan	1320 CE
Udayanadeva	1323 CE
Kota Rani	1338–1339 CE^[2]

Shah Mir dynasty (1339 – 1561)

No.	Titular Name	Birth Name	Reign
1	Shamsu'd-Dīn Shāh شَمس اُلدِین شَاہ	Shāh Mīr شَاہ مِیر	1339 – 1342
2	Jamshīd Shāh جَمشید شَاہ	Jamshīd جَمشید	1342 – 1342
3	Alāu'd-Dīn Shāh عَلاؤ اُلدِین شَاہ	Alī Shēr عَلی شیر	1343 – 1354
4	Shihābu'd-Dīn Shāh شِہاب اُلدِین شَاہ	Shīrashāmak شِیراشَامَک	1354 – 1373
5	Qutbu'd-Dīn Shāh قُتب اُلدِین شَاہ	Hindāl حِندَال	1373 – 1389
6	Sikandar Shāh سِکَندَر شَاہ	Shingara شِنگَرَہ	1389 – 1412
7	Alī Shāh عَلی شَاہ	Mīr Khān مِیر خَان	1412 – 1418
8	Zainu'l-'Ābidīn زین اُلعَابِدِین	Shāhī Khān شَاہی خَان	1418 – 1419
9	Alī Shāh عَلی شَاہ	Mīr Khān مِیر خَان	1419 – 1420
10	Zainu'l-'Ābidīn زین اُلعَابِدِین	Shāhī Khān شَاہی خَان	1420 – 12 May 1470
11	Haider Shāh حیدِر شَاہ	Hāji Khān حَاجِی خَان	12 May 1470 – 13 April 1472
12	Hasan Shāh حَسَن شَاہ	Hasan Khān حَسَن خَان	13 April 1472 – 19 April 1484
13	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	19 April 1484 – 14 October 1486
14	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	14 October 1486 – July 1493
15	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	July 1493 – 1505
16	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	1505 – 1514
17	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	1514 – September 1515
18	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	September 1515 – August 1517
19	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	August 1517 – January 1528
20	Ibrahīm Shāh اِبرَاہِیم شَاہ	Ibrahīm Khān اِبرَاہِیم خَان	January 1528 – April 1528
21	Nāzuk Shāh نَازُک شَاہ	Nādir Shāh نَادِر شَاہ	April 1528 – June 1530
22	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	June 1530 – July 1537
23	Shamsu'd-Dīn Shāh II شَمس اُلدِین شَاہ دوم	Shamsu'd-Dīn شَمس اُلدِین	July 1537 – 1540
24	Ismaīl Shāh اِسمَاعِیل شَاہ	Ismaīl Khān اِسمَاعِیل خَان	1540 – December 1540
25	Nāzuk Shāh نَازُک شَاہ	Nādir Shāh نَادِر شَاہ	December 1540 – December 1552
26	Ibrahīm Shāh اِبرَاہِیم شَاہ	Ibrahīm Khān اِبرَاہِیم خَان	December 1552 – 1555
27	Ismaīl Shāh اِسمَاعِیل شَاہ	Ismaīl Khān اِسمَاعِیل خَان	1555 – 1557
28	Habīb Shāh حَبِیب شَاہ	Habīb Khān حَبِیب خَان	1557 – 1561

^[3]

Note: Muhammad Shah had five separate reigns from 1484 to 1537.^[4]

Chak dynasty (1561 – 1579)

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Muḥammad Humāyūn محمد ہمایوں	Ghazi Shah غازی شاہ چَک	1561 – 1563
Nasiru'd-Din ناصرالدین	Husain Shah حُسین شاہ چَک	1563 – 1570
Zahīru'd-Din Muhammad Alī ظہیرالدین محمد علی	Ali Shah عَلی شاہ چَک	1570 – December 1578
Nasiru'd-Din Ghazi ناصرالدین غازی	Yousuf Shah (1) یُوسُفْ شاہ چَک	December 1578 – February 1579

Baihaqi dynasty

Title	Personal Name	Reign
Sultan سلطان	Sayyid Mubarak Baihaqi سيد مبارک بیهقی	February 1579 – November 1579

Chak dynasty Restored (1579 – 1589)

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Lohar Ghazi لوہر غازی	Lohar Khan لوہر خان چَک	November 1579 – November 1580
Nasiru'd-Din Ghazi ناصرالدین غازی	Yousuf Shah (2) یُوسُفْ شاہ چَک	November 1580 – 14 February 1586
Ismā'īl Shah اسماعیل شاہ	Yakub Shah یَعقوب شاہ چَک	14 February 1586 – 8 August 1589

Yakub Shah was dethroned on 14 October 1586 by the Mughals but continued to use the title of the Sultan of Kashmir till 1589.

Mughal Empire (1586 – 1752)

Portrait	Titular Name	Birth Name	Birth	Reign	Death
1	Akbar اکبر	Abu'l Fath Jalal Ud-Din Muhammad ابوالفتح جلال الدین محمد	15 October 1542 Umerkot, Pakistan	14 October 1586 – 27 October 1605 (19 years 0 months 13 days)	27 October 1605 (aged 63) Agra, India
2	Jahangir جہانگیر	Nur Ud-Din Baig Muhammad khan Salim نورالدین بیگ محمد خان سلیم	31 August 1569 Agra, India	3 November 1605 – 28 October 1627 (21 years 11 months 23 days)	28 October 1627 (aged 58) Jammu and Kashmir, India
3	Shah Jahan شاہ جہان	Shahab Ud-Din Muhammad Khurram شہاب الدین محمد خرم	5 January 1592 Lahore, Pakistan	19 January 1628 – 31 July 1658 (30 years 8 months 25 days)	22 January 1666 (aged 74) Agra, India
4	Aurangzeb اورنگزیب Alamgir عالمگیر	Muhi Ud-Din Muhammad محی الدین محمد	3 November 1618 Gujarat, India	31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707 (48 years 7 months 0 days)	3 March 1707 (aged 88) Ahmednagar, India
5	Azam Shah اعظم شاہ	Qutb Ud-Din Muhammad قطب الدين محمد	28 June 1653 Burhanpur, India	14 March 1707 – 20 June 1707	20 June 1707 (aged 53) Agra, India
6	Bahadur Shah بہادر شاہ Shah Alam شاہ عالم	Abul-Nasr Sayyid Qutb-ud-din Mirza Muhammad Muazzam ابوالنصر سید قطب الدین مرزا محمد معظم	14 October 1643 Burhanpur, India	19 June 1707 – 27 February 1712 (4 years, 253 days)	27 February 1712 (aged 68) Lahore, Pakistan
7	Jahandar Shah جہاندار شاہ	Mu'izz-ud-Din Beg Muhammad Khan Bahādur معیز الدین بیگ محمد خان بہادر	9 May 1661 Deccan, India	27 February 1712 – 11 February 1713 (0 years, 350 days)	12 February 1713 (aged 51) Delhi, India
8	Farrukhsiyar فرخ سیر	Abu'l Muzaffar Muīn-ud-Dīn Muhammad Shāh Farrukhsiyar Alim Akbar Sāni Wālā Shān Pādshāh-i-bahr-u-bar ابوالمظفر معین الدین محمد شاہ فرخ سیار علیم اکبر ثانی والا شان پادشاہ البحر البر Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	20 August 1685 Aurangabad, India	11 January 1713 – 28 February 1719 (6 years, 48 days)	19 April 1719 (aged 33) Delhi, India
9	Rafi ud-Darajat رفیع الدرجات	Abu'l Barakat Shams-ud-Din Muhammad Rafi ud-Darajat Padshah Ghazi Shahanshah-i-Bahr-u-Bar ابوالبرکات شمس الدین محمد رفیع الدراجات پادشاہ غازی شہنشاہ البحر البر Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	1 December 1699	28 February 1719 – 6 June 1719 (0 years, 98 days)	6 June 1719 (aged 19) Agra, India
10	Shah Jahan II شاہ جہان دوم	Rafi-ud-Din Muhammad Rafi-ud-Daulah رفیع الدین محمد رفیع الدولہ Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	5 January 1696	6 June 1719 – 17 September 1719 (0 years, 105 days)	18 September 1719 (aged 23) Agra, India
11	Muhammad Shah محمد شاہ	Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad Shah Roshan Akhtar Bahadur Ghazi ناصر الدین محمد شاہ روشن اختر بہادر غازی Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	7 August 1702 Ghazni, Afghanistan	27 September 1719 – 26 April 1748 (28 years, 212 days)	26 April 1748 (aged 45) Delhi, India
12	Ahmad Shah Bahadur احمد شاہ بہادر	Abu-Nasir Mujahid ud-din Muhammad Ahmad Shah Bahadur Ghazi ابو ناصر مجاہد الدین محمد احمد شاہ بہادر غازی	23 December 1725 Delhi, India	29 April 1748 – 1752 (4 years)	1 January 1775 (aged 49) Delhi, India

Durrani Empire (1752 – 1754)

Name	Lifespan	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family	Image
Ahmad Shah Durrani the Father of the Nation	1720/1722 – 4 June 1772	1752	1754	Established the Durrani dynasty and the Durrani Empire; Considered founder of modern Afghanistan	Durrani

Raja of Kashmir

Titular Name(s)	Personal Name	Reign
Raja Jiwan راجہ جیون	Sukh Jiwan Mal Sahni سکھ جیون مال ساہنی	1754–1762

Durrani Empire Restored (1762 – 1819)

Name	Lifespan	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family
Ahmad Shah Durrani the Father of the Nation	1720/1722 – 4 June 1772	1762	4 June 1772	Established the Durrani dynasty and the Durrani Empire; Considered founder of modern Afghanistan	Durrani
Timur Shah Durrani	December 1746 – 20 May 1793	November 1772	20 May 1793	Son of Ahmad Shah Durrani Preserved the Durrani Empire following the death of his father after fighting off civil war in 1772, and multiple rebellions	Durrani
Zaman Shah Durrani	1770–1844	20 May 1793	25 July 1801 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed	Durrani
Mahmud Shah Durrani Shah Mahmud	1769 – 18 April 1829	25 July 1801	13 July 1803 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed	Durrani
Shah Shujah Durrani Inayat-i-llahi, Shuja ul-Mulk, Muhammad Bahadur	4 November 1785 – 5 April 1842	13 July 1803	3 May 1809 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed, and making multiple attempts to reclaim his throne	Durrani
Mahmud Shah Durrani (2nd reign) Shah Mahmud	1769 – 18 April 1829	3 May 1809	1818 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Exiled to Herat following his deposition during his second reign	Durrani
Ali Shah Durrani		1818	1819 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani	Durrani

Sikh Empire (1819 – 1846)

S. No.	Name	Birth and death		Reign			Note
1	Maharaja Ranjit Singh	13 November 1780 (Gujranwala)	27 June 1839 (Lahore)	5 July 1819	27 June 1839	19 years, 357 days	The first Sikh ruler	Stroke
2	Maharaja Kharak Singh	22 February 1801 (Lahore)	5 November 1840 (Lahore)	27 June 1839	8 October 1839	103 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Poisoning
3	Maharaja Nau Nihal Singh	11 February 1820 (Lahore)	6 November 1840 (Lahore)	8 October 1839	6 November 1840	1 year, 29 days	Son of Kharak Singh	Assassinated
4	Maharani Chand Kaur	1802 (Fatehgarh Churian)	11 June 1842 (Lahore)	6 November 1840	18 January 1841	73 days	Wife of Kharak Singh and the only female ruler of Sikh Empire	Abdicated
5	Maharaja Sher Singh	4 December 1807 (Batala)	15 September 1843 (Lahore)	18 January 1841	15 September 1843	2 years, 240 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Assassinated
6	Maharaja Duleep Singh	6 September 1838 (Lahore)	22 October 1893 (Paris)	15 September 1843	16 March 1846	2 years, 182 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Exiled

State of Jammu and Kashmir (1846 – 1952)

Title	Personal Name	Reign
Maharaja	Gulab Singh	16 March 1846 – 20 February 1856
Maharaja	Ranbir Singh	20 February 1856 – 12 September 1885
Maharaja	Pratap Singh	12 September 1885 – 23 September 1925
Maharaja	Hari Singh	12 September 1925 – 17 November 1952

References

^ Stein, M.A. (1900). Kalhaņa's Rājatarańgiņī, A Chronicle of the Kings of Kaśmīr. Westminster: Archibald Constable. pp. 133–138.
^ ^a ^b Pillai, P. Govinda (2022-10-04). The Bhakti Movement: Renaissance or Revivalism?. Taylor & Francis. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-000-78039-0.
^ Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) [1959]. Kashmir Under the Sultans (Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. p. 325. ISBN 978-81-87879-49-7. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
^ "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Sultans of Kashmir".

This page was last edited on 13 April 2024, at 10:49

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