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National Parks of Poland

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

There are 23 national parks in Poland. These were formerly run by the Polish Board of National Parks (Polish: Krajowy Zarząd Parków Narodowych), but in 2004 responsibility for their management was transferred to what is now the Ministry of Climate and the Environment. Most national parks are divided into strictly and partially protected zones. They currently encompass around 186000 hectares of forest, or around 2% of all the country's woodlands.[1]

Polish national parks have carried out numerous research programs and they play an important role in the ecological education. The national parks can be visited as they provide a well-developed tourism infrastructure, though visitors typically need to keep to designated areas such as trails. Many parks furthermore offer thematic trails, educational centres and natural history museums.

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Legal basis and governance of Poland's national parks

In order to become a national park, an area needs to be at least 1000 hectares in size and have outstanding environmental and cultural value. The ecosystems in the park need to be in their natural state—or close to it. National parks usually play host to several "valuable" species; usually rare or protected ones.[2]

The area of a national park is divided into different zones using separate methods of conservation. There are strict protection zones, as well as active and landscape-related ones. Additionally, they are usually surrounded by a protective buffer zone called otulina.[3] Human activity is also heavily restricted within the park itself, with strict conservation rules in place.[2] There are also significant restrictions on what can be done within the buffer zones.

Poland's national parks are governed by the Nature Conservation Act, last amended in 2004,[4][5] and they are funded from the central state budget. Each park is managed by a director, who works closely with an oversight board. They are further supervised by the Ministry of Climate and Environment.[6]

List of Poland's national parks

Landscape belts
Baltic Sea coast Lowland belt Sudete Mountains
Lake belt Upland belt Carpathian Mountains
Image Name
(Polish)
Name origin Seat Location Area (km²) Year Symbol UNESCO status Neighboring national parks
Babia Góra
Babia Góra National Park
(Babiogórski Park Narodowy)
Babia Góra Massif Zawoja 49°35′N 19°32′E / 49.583°N 19.533°E / 49.583; 19.533 33.92[7] 1955[8] (1933) Laserpitium archangelica
Babiogórski PN logo

Laserpitium archangelica
Biosphere reserve Horná Orava Protected Landscape Area, Slovakia
Białowieża Forest
Białowieża National Park
(Białowieski Park Narodowy)
Białowieża (village) and Białowieża Forest Białowieża 52°40′N 23°50′E / 52.667°N 23.833°E / 52.667; 23.833 105.02[9] 1947[10] (1932) Wisent
Białowieski PN logo

European bison
World Heritage Site, biosphere reserve Belavezhskaya Pushcha National Park, Belarus
Biebrza River
Biebrza National Park
(Biebrzański Park Narodowy)
Biebrza River Osowiec-Twierdza 53°35′N 22°46′E / 53.583°N 22.767°E / 53.583; 22.767 592.23 1993 Ruff
Biebrzański PN logo

Ruff
Biosphere reserve
Krzemień Mountain in the Bieszczady Range
Bieszczady National Park
(Bieszczadzki Park Narodowy)
Bieszczady Mountains Ustrzyki Górne 49°06′N 22°40′E / 49.100°N 22.667°E / 49.100; 22.667 292.01 1973 Lynx
Bieszczadzki PN logo

Lynx
Biosphere reserve Poloniny National Park, Slovakia
Tuchola Forest
Tuchola Forest National Park
(Park Narodowy „Bory Tucholskie”)
Tuchola Forest Charzykowy 53°36′N 18°00′E / 53.600°N 18.000°E / 53.600; 18.000 47.98 1996 Capercaillie
PN Bory Tucholskie logo

Western capercaillie
Ostrowieckie Lake
Drawno National Park
(Drawieński Park Narodowy)
Drawa River Drawno 53°07′N 16°15′E / 53.117°N 16.250°E / 53.117; 16.250 114.41 1990 Otter
Drawieński PN logo

Otter
Turbacz Mountain in the Gorce Range
Gorce National Park
(Gorzański Park Narodowy)
Gorce Mountains Poręba Wielka 49°34′N 20°10′E / 49.567°N 20.167°E / 49.567; 20.167 70.29 1981 Fire salamander
Gorczański PN logo

Fire salamander
A stone commemorating Prof. Adam Wodziczko who advocated the idea of creating the Wielkopolski NP
Greater Poland National Park
(Wielkopolski Park Narodowy)
Greater Poland region Jeziory 52°17′N 16°51′E / 52.283°N 16.850°E / 52.283; 16.850 75.84 1957 Owl
Wielkopolski PN logo

Tawny owl
A moose in the Kampinos Forest
Kampinos National Park
(Kampinoski Park Narodowy)
Kampinos (village) and Kampinos Forest Izabelin C 52°19′N 20°28′E / 52.317°N 20.467°E / 52.317; 20.467 385.44 1959 Moose
Kampinoski PN logo

European elk
Biosphere reserve
Mały Szyszak Mountain in the Giant Mountains
Karkonosze National Park
(Karkonoski Park Narodowy)
Karkonosze (Giant Mountains) Jelenia Góra 50°46′N 15°37′E / 50.767°N 15.617°E / 50.767; 15.617 55.76 1959 Mountain
Karkonoski PN logo

Campanula bohemica and Gentiana asclepiadea
Biosphere reserve Krkonošský NP, Czech Republic
Visitor center and museum
Magura National Park
(Magurski Park Narodowy)
Magura Wątkowska massif Krempna 49°31′N 21°31′E / 49.517°N 21.517°E / 49.517; 21.517 194.39 1995 Buzzard
Magurski PN logo

Lesser spotted eagle
A male western marsh harrier
Narew National Park
(Narwiański Park Narodowy)
Narew River Kurowo 53°04′N 22°53′E / 53.067°N 22.883°E / 53.067; 22.883 68.1 1996 Marsh harrier
Narwiański PN logo

Western marsh harrier
Limestone formations in the Ojcowski National Park
Ojców National Park
(Ojcowski Park Narodowy)
Ojców (village) Ojców 50°13′N 19°50′E / 50.217°N 19.833°E / 50.217; 19.833 21.46 1956 Bat
Ojcowski PN logo

Bat
Trzy Korony Mountain overlooking the Dunajec River
Pieniny National Park
(Pieniński Park Narodowy)
Pieniny Mountains Krościenko nad Dunajcem 49°25′N 20°22′E / 49.417°N 20.367°E / 49.417; 20.367 23.46 1954 (1932) Trzy Korony
Pieniński PN logo

Trzy Korony Mountain and the Dunajec River
Pieninský NP, Slovakia
A common crane
Polesie National Park
(Poleski Park Narodowy)
Polesie region Urszulin 51°27′N 23°09′E / 51.450°N 23.150°E / 51.450; 23.150 97.62 1990 Crane
Poleski PN logo

Common crane
Biosphere reserve Shatskyy NP, Ukraine
Konik horses in the Roztoczański National Park
Roztocze National Park
(Roztoczański Park Narodowy)
Roztocze (range of hills) Zwierzyniec 50°36′N 23°01′E / 50.600°N 23.017°E / 50.600; 23.017 84.83 1974 Konik
Roztoczański PN logo

Konik
A sand dune in the Słowiński National Park
Slovincian National Park
(Słowiński Park Narodowy)
Slovincian tribe Smołdzino 54°40′N 17°13′E / 54.667°N 17.217°E / 54.667; 17.217 186.18 1967 Seagull
Słowiński PN logo

Seagull
Biosphere reserve
Błędne Skały in the Stołowe Mountains
Stołowe Mountains National Park
(Park Narodowy Gór Stołowych)
Stołowe Mountains Kudowa-Zdrój 50°28′N 16°20′E / 50.467°N 16.333°E / 50.467; 16.333 63.40 1993 Sandstone
PN Gór Stołowych logo

Szczeliniec Wielki
Bukowa Góra in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains
Świętokrzyski National Park
(Świętokrzyski Park Narodowy)
Świętokrzyskie Mountains Bodzentyn 50°52′N 20°58′E / 50.867°N 20.967°E / 50.867; 20.967 76.26 1950 Deer
Świętokrzyski PN logo

Deer
Czarny Staw (Black Lake) in the High Tatra Mountains
Tatra National Park
(Tatrzański Park Narodowy)
Tatra Mountains Zakopane 49°15′N 19°56′E / 49.250°N 19.933°E / 49.250; 19.933 211.64 1954 (1947) Tatra chamois
Tatrzański PN logo

Tatra chamois
Biosphere reserve Tatra National Park, Slovakia
Postomia River in the Ujście Warty NP
Warta Mouth National Park
(Park Narodowy „Ujście Warty”)
Warta mouth Chyrzyno 52°35′N 14°42′E / 52.583°N 14.700°E / 52.583; 14.700 80.38 2001

Tundra bean goose
Wigry Lake
Wigry National Park
(Wigierski Park Narodowy)
Wigry Lake Krzywe 54°02′N 23°06′E / 54.033°N 23.100°E / 54.033; 23.100 150.86 1989 Beaver
Wigierski PN logo

Beaver and Wigry Lake
A cliff and a beach in the Woliński NP
Wolin National Park
(Woliński Park Narodowy)
Wolin Island Misdroy 53°55′N 14°30′E / 53.917°N 14.500°E / 53.917; 14.500 109.37 1960 White-tailed eagle
Woliński PN logo

White-tailed eagle

Museums in national parks

See also

References

  1. ^ Grygoruk, Andrzej (2020-01-03). "Jak wygląda zarządzanie parkiem narodowym". PAN (Polish Academy of Sciences) (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2022-12-06.
  2. ^ a b Wiśniowska, Joanna; Lazarus, Magdalena (2022-05-27). "W Polsce mamy 23 parki narodowe, dwa z nich są na Pomorzu. "To wyjątkowe przestrzenie"". Wyborcza.pl. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
  3. ^ Kepel, Andrzej (2006-04-02). "Otuliny jednak trochę chronione". www.salamandra.org.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2015-04-21. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
  4. ^ Tekst ustawy z dnia 16 kwietnia 2004 r. o ochronie przyrody (Dz. U. z 2009 r. Nr 151, poz. 1220)
  5. ^ "Projekt ustawy o parkach narodowych - Kancelaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów - Portal Gov.pl". Kancelaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2023-06-04. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
  6. ^ "Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska przygotowuje pakiet zmian dla parków narodowych". Teraz-Środowisko (in Polish). 2021-08-31. Archived from the original on 2021-12-02. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
  7. ^ Dz.U. 1997 nr 99 poz. 608
  8. ^ Dz.U. 1955 nr 4 poz. 25
  9. ^ Dz.U. 1996 nr 93 poz. 424
  10. ^ Dz.U. 1947 nr 74 poz. 469

Sources

Legal documents

Ordinances issued by the Polish Council of Ministers, establishing individual national parks (all in Polish, in PDF format).

Websites

Official websites of individual national parks

External links

This page was last edited on 4 February 2024, at 14:52
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